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Sonoporation from Jetting Cavitation Bubbles

Claus-Dieter Ohl ^*, Manish Arora ^*, Roy Ikink ^*, Nico de Jong ^* , Michel Versluis ^*, Michael Delius  and Detlef Lohse ^*

^* Faculty of Science and Technology, Physics of Fluids, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Experimental Echocardiography, Thoraxcentre, Erasmus Medisch Centrum, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and Institute for Surgical Research, University of Munich, Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany

Correspondence: Address reprint requests to Dr. Claus-Dieter Ohl, Tel.: 31-53-489-5604; E-mail: c.d.ohl{at}tnw.utwente.nl.

The fluid dynamic interaction of cavitation bubbles with adherent cells on a substrate is experimentally investigated. We find that the nonspherical collapse of bubbles near to the boundary is responsible for cell detachment. High-speed photography reveals that a wall bounded flow leads to the detachment of cells. Cells at the edge of the circular area of detachment are found to be permanently porated, whereas cells at some distance from the detachment area undergo viable cell membrane poration (sonoporation). The wall flow field leading to cell detachment is modeled with a self-similar solution for a wall jet, together with a kinetic ansatz of adhesive bond rupture. The self-similar solution for the -type wall jet compares very well with the full solution of the Navier-Stokes equation for a jet of finite thickness. Apart from annular sites of sonoporation we also find more homogenous patterns of molecule delivery with no cell detachment.

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